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Architect & Engineering

What is architectural engineering? How is it used and what are some examples?

It is a discipline of engineering that concerns itself with all the built systems of a building. These primarily include the buildings Mechanical, Electrical, Plumbing, Structure and Fire suppression system. In academia, these engineers learn about all of the above disciplines, but in practice, most Architectural engineers wind up specializing in one or two areas, because it is simply too much to become an expert in all of the above.

There is also a time constraint issue. Even if an architectural engineer has all the skills needed to perform all of the engineering on a building, most projects will have a schedule that prohibits a single engineer performing all this work. What typically happens instead, is that a team of specialized engineers work concurrently.

Software Architecture & Design Introduction

The architecture of a system describes its major components, their relationships (structures), and how they interact with each other. Software architecture and design includes several contributory factors such as Business strategy, quality attributes, human dynamics, design, and IT environment.

Software Architecture Types

We can segregate Software Architecture and Design into two distinct phases: Software Architecture and Software Design. In Architecture, nonfunctional decisions are cast and separated by the functional requirements. In Design, functional requirements are accomplished.

Software Architecture

Architecture serves as a blueprint for a system. It provides an abstraction to manage the system complexity and establish a communication and coordination mechanism among components.

It defines a structured solution to meet all the technical and operational requirements, while optimizing the common quality attributes like performance and security.

Further, it involves a set of significant decisions about the organization related to software development and each of these decisions can have a considerable impact on quality, maintainability, performance, and the overall success of the final product. These decisions comprise of −

· Selection of structural elements and their interfaces by which the system is composed.

· Behavior as specified in collaborations among those elements.

· Composition of these structural and behavioral elements into large subsystem.
· Architectural decisions align with business objectives.
· Architectural styles guide the organization.

Software Design

Software design provides a design plan that describes the elements of a system, how they fit, and work together to fulfill the requirement of the system. The objectives of having a design plan are as follows −

To negotiate system requirements, and to set expectations with customers, marketing, and management personnel.

Act as a blueprint during the development process.

Guide the implementation tasks, including detailed design, coding, integration, and testing.

It comes before the detailed design, coding, integration, and testing and after the domain analysis, requirements analysis, and risk analysis.

Software Design

Goals of Architecture

The primary goal of the architecture is to identify requirements that affect the structure of the application. A well-laid architecture reduces the business risks associated with building a technical solution and builds a bridge between business and technical requirements.

Some of the other goals are as follows −